Skip to main content
guest
Join
|
Help
|
Sign In
TESOL-Resources
Home
guest
|
Join
|
Help
|
Sign In
TESOL-Resources
Wiki Home
Recent Changes
Pages and Files
Members
Favorites
20
All Pages
20
home
A. Standards & Policies
A1. ESL Programs
B. LANG & LING FOUNDATIONS
C. TRAD. ESL METHODS (*CST)
D. LANG & COUNTRY INFO
E. GEN'L METHS. MATS. & RESEARCH
F. Lesson Unit Plans & Activities
G. Resources, Texts & Mats.
G1. Book Publisher Resources
G2. Read alouds youtubes and digital story telling
H. For Older Learners
I. For Younger Learners
J. Rdg-Meths, Mats & Res.
K. Listening & Speaking
L. Writing
M. Tchg Grammar & Vocab
N. Sec. Ed. Issues
O. Assessment
P. Special Ed.
see more
Add
Add "All Pages"
Done
O. Assessment
Edit
0
44
…
0
Tags
No tags
Notify
RSS
Backlinks
Source
Print
Export (PDF)
O. ASSESSMENT
TC forum of articles on edTPA-
http://tesolal.columbia.edu/issues/vol-14-no-1-2014/
(this and other articles)
Protocol for assessment, placement of young ELLs.
http://www.nysut.org/~/media/files/nysut/resources/2016/educators-voice/edvoice_ix_06_tazimorell.pdf?la=en
Language and reading interventions for ELL students and ELLs with Disabilities
http://www.centeroninstruction.org/files/Lang%20and%20Rdng%20Interventions%20for%20ELLs%20and%20ELLs%20with%20Disabilities.pdf
Read Works passages & comprehension questions by lexile level
http://www.readworks.org/
Preservice teachers speak out about the edTPA-
http://tesol-dev.journals.cdrs.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/12/2015/04/3.0-Forum-intro-McKenna-Box-2014.pdf
Speaking competence assessment
http://tesol-dev.journals.cdrs.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/12/2015/04/2.-Seong-2014.pdf
Canadian English language proficiency for adults
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6JL9ECkNQyk
Great assessment reading resources Rita Platt's ESL wiki
http://mplsesl.wikispaces.com/CBM3D+Progress+Monitoring+for+ESL
Content Vocab assessment
http://www.readingrockets.org/article/classroom-vocabulary-assessment-content-areas
Formative assessment toolkit
http://www.elsanet.org/site/wp-content/uploads/17.Formative-Assessment-Toolkit-Complete-Package-Aug-20121.pdf
Self Assessment toolkit
http://www.elsanet.org/site/wp-content/uploads/Learner-Self-Assessment-Toolkit-Complete-Package-Nov-20122.pdf
Questioning grid Strategy (NM--cosecha) Oral language questioning at different levels
http://vimeopro.com/user9016383/differentiating-questions-to-boost-comprehension-and-participation/video/44248952
Class demo-English
http://vimeopro.com/user9016383/differentiating-questions-to-boost-comprehension-and-participation/video/44248951
Class demo-Spanish
http://vimeopro.com/user9016383/differentiating-questions-to-boost-comprehension-and-participation/video/44250206
West Ed on Formative assessment for ELLs
http://www.wested.org/wp-content/files_mf/1391626953FormativeAssessment_report5.pdf
Assessment & CCSS ELA (Wisxon)
http://textproject.org/assets/library/powerpoints/Wixson-IRA-2013-CCSS-Shifts-IRA.pdf
Miscue Analysis
http://www.mauryk12.org/titleone/Miscue%20Analysis%204-14-09.pdf
http://www.ucs.louisiana.edu/~jsd6498/damico/miscue.html Execlllent explanation of miscue types,
http://kengoodmansmorningpost.blogspot.com/2014/07/dear-mr-huey.html
http://esolpolyglots.wordpress.com/2012/06/30/reading-analysis-2/
http://www.academicjournals.org/article/article1400497200_%C3%9Cstten.pdf
https://intensiveintervention.org/sites/default/files/Reading-Miscue-Analysis_508.pdf
Preschool Disability assessment/placement for speech
http://leadersproject.org/media/video/playlist-preschool-disability-evaluations-modules
Reading Assessments
http://www.freereading.net/index.php?title=Assessments
(many dead links)
rubrics
http://course1.winona.edu/shatfield/air/rubrics.htm
NYSESLAT Sampler
http://www.attanasio-edu.com/
NYSESLAT Webinettes
https://www.engageny.org/content/nyseslat-webinettes
ELLs need more attention with common core standards and tests
http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/learning-the-language/2013/07/ells_need_more_attention_in_co.html
Common core --more tests, not better
http://www.fairtest.org/common-core-assessments-more-tests-not-much-better
New 2013 NYSESLAT samples
http://www.p12.nysed.gov/assessment/nyseslat/
PARCC Draft accommodations for ELLs & students with disabilities
http://www.parcconline.org/sites/parcc/files/PARCCDraftAccommodationsManualforSWDEL.pdf
TC reading assessments
http://readingandwritingproject.com/public/themes/rwproject/resources/assessments/reading/
by level
http://readingandwritingproject.com/public/themes/rwproject/resources/assessments/reading/fiction_reading_assessments_by_level/
Writing Assessment
http://www.nwp.org/cs/public/download/nwp_file/10298/Honoring_Dialect_and_Culture_Michelle_Crotteau.pdf?x-r=pcfile_d
SLO (student learning objectives) in bilingual & ESL
http://engageny.org/resource/student-learning-objective-road-map-for-english-as-a-second-language-and-bilingual-education-teachers/
ESL language assessment
http://www.teachers.ab.ca/SiteCollectionDocuments/ATA/Publications/Specialist-Councils/ESL-3-4%20Assessment.pdf
CA Eng Proficiency test almost guarantees
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/09/19/california-english-profic_n_970582.html
CELDT is a blunt instrument for young ELs
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2m74v93d#page-1
CELDT results for 2009-2010
http://www.cde.ca.gov/nr/ne/yr10/yr10rel56.asp
ETS guidelines of ELL assessment (2009)
http://www.ets.org/Media/About_ETS/pdf/ELL_Guidelines.pdf
How Tests spur memory
http://sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/64316/title/How_testing_improves_memory
Inform parents about CCSS
http://www.engageny.org/resource/video-for-parents-and-families-about-the-common-core-assessments
*NYS test requirements (parent info)
http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/parents/whattestseslfs.shtml
*NYS Identification Path
http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/ciai/biling/pub/LEPproc.pdf
*NYSESLAT Information
http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/osa/nyseslat
*NYS Regents E L A Exams
http://www.nysedregents.org/testing/engre/regenteng.html
NYS ELA Core Currículum
http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/ciai/ela/elacore.htm
NYS Test accommodations
http://www.nysut.org/cps/rde/xchg/nysut/hs.xsl/newyorkteacher_11035.htm
http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/sar/flep-accommodations10-08.pdf
Webcast--Assessment of ELLs
http://www.colorincolorado.org/webcasts/2001.php
Informal Assessment
http://www.colorincolorado.org/educators/assessment/informal
writing & grammar assessment
http://www.catesol.org/Porter_vanDommelen.pdf
writing assessment 6+1 scoring guide (with samples by level)
http://www.nwrel.org/assessment/scoring.php?d=9
Literacy Assessment Guide
http://www.eduplace.com/rdg/res/litass/
Early literacy assessment
(abecedarian guide and test)
http://www.balancedreading.com/assessment/abecedarian.html
other free assessments
http://www.balancedreading.com/assessment.html
*language testing
http://www.coursecrafters.com/ELL-Outlook/2005/mar_apr/ELLOutlookITIArticle1.htm
language assessment
http://www.carla.umn.edu/assessment/VAC/research/theory.html
Colorin Colorado (identification)
http://www.colorincolorado.org/placement/identification.php#level
ELL Assessment & NCLB
http://www.coursecrafters.com/ELL-Outlook/2005/nov_dec/ELLOutlookITIArticle2.htm
http://www.fairtest.org/nattest/NCLB_assessing_bilingual_students.pdf
http://cresst.org/products/newsletters/policybrief7.pdf
Guidelines for identifying primarily Spanish-speaking preschool children with language impairment
http://www.asha.ucf.edu/restrepo2.html
A-Z oral reading, running records, and retelling guidelines & rubrics
http://www.readinga-z.com/assess/index.html
*Performance & Portfolio Assessment and ELLs
http://www.cal.org/resources/archive/news/2002fall/performance.html
http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/pubs/eacwest/performance/index.htm
http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/pubs/pigs/pig9.htm
http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/pubs/jeilms/vol13/portfo13.htm
http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/pubs/lists/altern.htm
Regents Tests & ELLs
http://www.gothamgazette.com/article/immigrants/20060601/11/1873/
Literacy Assessment Guide
http://www.eduplace.com/rdg/res/litass/
Literacy Portfolios
http://iteachilearn.com/uh/patterson/litport/index.htm
Assessment for diverse learners
http://iteachilearn.com/uh/patterson/index.htm
*Assessing Oral and Written Lang Prof (IRC-Else and Margo)
http://www.isbe.net/assessment/PDF/lang_pro.pdf
Oral language Intervention
http://cnx.org/content/m17321/latest/
*Language, Performance, Standards Based Assessment-Ed Alliance at Brown
http://www.alliance.brown.edu/tdl/assessment/index.shtml
Practical ideas for alternate assessment
http://www.cal.org/resources/digest/tannen01.html
http://www.kidsource.com/kidsource/content2/practical.assessment.4.html
(same article)
Ongoing lang & lit, content assessment
http://www.alliance.brown.edu/tdl/assessment/perfassess.shtml#bower_rf
Reading Assessment
http://www.nwrel.org/assessment/scoring.php
Assessment of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students (Chapter by Walqui)
http://www.mcrel.org/PDFConversion/Diversity/rt1chapter5.html
Oral Assessment Rubrics (for older learners/adults)
group
http://www.nwrel.org/assessment/pdfRubrics/groupassess.PDF
individual
http://www.nwrel.org/assessment/pdfRubrics/oralassess.PDF
Oral Language Rubrics
http://www.coe.int/T/DG4/Portfolio/documents/grid.pdf
writing rubrics
http://www.nwrel.org/assessment/department.php?d=1
http://www.allamericareads.org/pdf/single/activity/prompts.pdf
http://www.televar.com/sedwards/sixtraitrubricsre.html#scoregen
Assessment Rubrics and Standards for Teachers (CRESST)
http://www.cse.ucla.edu/resources/justforteachers.htm
Assessment & accommodations for ELLs
http://www.cse.ucla.edu/products/newsletters/polbrf4web.pdf
Testing preparation for ELLs
http://www.coursecrafters.com/ELL-Outlook/2004/may_jun/ELLOutlookITIArticle4.htm
On NY’s Assessment Policy: A view from the field
http://www.tc.columbia.edu/tesolalwebjournal/dwyer.pdf
What is assessment?
http://www.noodletools.com/debbie/consult/collab/assessment.html
ESL & Bilingual Assessment
http://www.nwrac.org/pub/hot/assessment.html
Authentic Assessment Toolbox-(good explanation of portfolios & examples)
http://jonathan.mueller.faculty.noctrl.edu/toolbox/index.htm
What is Authentic Assessment?
http://jfmueller.faculty.noctrl.edu/toolbox/whatisit.htm
Rubrics (Nettiquit, maps, messages and group work)
http://www.televar.com/sedwards/workassessment.html
Perfomance Assessment and Rubrics
http://pareonline.net/getvn.asp?v=8&n=14
Rubric Construction
http://www.relearning.org/resources/PDF/rubric_sampler.pdf
Rubistar
http://rubistar.4teachers.org/index.php
Rubric Builder (free)
http://landmark-project.com/classweb/tools/rubric_builder.php3
Virtual Assessment Center
http://www.carla.umn.edu/assessment/vac/index.html
Digital portfolios
http://www.mehs.educ.state.ak.us/portfolios/portfolio.html
Alternate Assessment for Transitional Readers (research article)
http://brj.asu.edu/content/vol26_no2/pdf/ART3.PDF
Isolating Intrinsic Processing Disorders from SLA (research study)
http://brj.asu.edu/content/vol26_no2/pdf/ART10.PDF
Regents Exams and ELLs
http://www.gothamgazette.com/article/immigrants/20060601/11/1873
Regents test prep, glossaries, and multilingual resources (scroll down)
http://www.litstudies.org/bilingual_esl/index.htm
Myths of High Stakes testing
http://www.fairtest.org/arn/Engel_HST%20Myth.html
Marzano on observation
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IdfEm_wIEtM
Javascript Required
You need to enable Javascript in your browser to edit pages.
help on how to format text
Turn off "Getting Started"
Home
...
Loading...
O. ASSESSMENT
TC forum of articles on edTPA- http://tesolal.columbia.edu/issues/vol-14-no-1-2014/ (this and other articles)Protocol for assessment, placement of young ELLs.
http://www.nysut.org/~/media/files/nysut/resources/2016/educators-voice/edvoice_ix_06_tazimorell.pdf?la=en
Language and reading interventions for ELL students and ELLs with Disabilities
http://www.centeroninstruction.org/files/Lang%20and%20Rdng%20Interventions%20for%20ELLs%20and%20ELLs%20with%20Disabilities.pdf
Read Works passages & comprehension questions by lexile level http://www.readworks.org/
Preservice teachers speak out about the edTPA-
http://tesol-dev.journals.cdrs.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/12/2015/04/3.0-Forum-intro-McKenna-Box-2014.pdf
Speaking competence assessment
http://tesol-dev.journals.cdrs.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/12/2015/04/2.-Seong-2014.pdf
Canadian English language proficiency for adults https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6JL9ECkNQyk
Great assessment reading resources Rita Platt's ESL wiki http://mplsesl.wikispaces.com/CBM3D+Progress+Monitoring+for+ESL
Content Vocab assessment http://www.readingrockets.org/article/classroom-vocabulary-assessment-content-areas
Formative assessment toolkit
http://www.elsanet.org/site/wp-content/uploads/17.Formative-Assessment-Toolkit-Complete-Package-Aug-20121.pdf
Self Assessment toolkit
http://www.elsanet.org/site/wp-content/uploads/Learner-Self-Assessment-Toolkit-Complete-Package-Nov-20122.pdf
Questioning grid Strategy (NM--cosecha) Oral language questioning at different levels
http://vimeopro.com/user9016383/differentiating-questions-to-boost-comprehension-and-participation/video/44248952
Class demo-English http://vimeopro.com/user9016383/differentiating-questions-to-boost-comprehension-and-participation/video/44248951
Class demo-Spanish http://vimeopro.com/user9016383/differentiating-questions-to-boost-comprehension-and-participation/video/44250206
West Ed on Formative assessment for ELLs http://www.wested.org/wp-content/files_mf/1391626953FormativeAssessment_report5.pdf
Assessment & CCSS ELA (Wisxon)
http://textproject.org/assets/library/powerpoints/Wixson-IRA-2013-CCSS-Shifts-IRA.pdf
Miscue Analysis
http://www.mauryk12.org/titleone/Miscue%20Analysis%204-14-09.pdf
http://www.ucs.louisiana.edu/~jsd6498/damico/miscue.html Execlllent explanation of miscue types,http://kengoodmansmorningpost.blogspot.com/2014/07/dear-mr-huey.html
http://esolpolyglots.wordpress.com/2012/06/30/reading-analysis-2/
http://www.academicjournals.org/article/article1400497200_%C3%9Cstten.pdf
https://intensiveintervention.org/sites/default/files/Reading-Miscue-Analysis_508.pdf
Preschool Disability assessment/placement for speech
http://leadersproject.org/media/video/playlist-preschool-disability-evaluations-modules
Reading Assessments http://www.freereading.net/index.php?title=Assessments (many dead links)
rubrics http://course1.winona.edu/shatfield/air/rubrics.htm
NYSESLAT Sampler http://www.attanasio-edu.com/
NYSESLAT Webinettes https://www.engageny.org/content/nyseslat-webinettes
ELLs need more attention with common core standards and tests
http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/learning-the-language/2013/07/ells_need_more_attention_in_co.html
Common core --more tests, not better
http://www.fairtest.org/common-core-assessments-more-tests-not-much-better
New 2013 NYSESLAT samples http://www.p12.nysed.gov/assessment/nyseslat/
PARCC Draft accommodations for ELLs & students with disabilities
http://www.parcconline.org/sites/parcc/files/PARCCDraftAccommodationsManualforSWDEL.pdf
TC reading assessments
http://readingandwritingproject.com/public/themes/rwproject/resources/assessments/reading/
by level
http://readingandwritingproject.com/public/themes/rwproject/resources/assessments/reading/fiction_reading_assessments_by_level/
Writing Assessment
http://www.nwp.org/cs/public/download/nwp_file/10298/Honoring_Dialect_and_Culture_Michelle_Crotteau.pdf?x-r=pcfile_d
SLO (student learning objectives) in bilingual & ESL
http://engageny.org/resource/student-learning-objective-road-map-for-english-as-a-second-language-and-bilingual-education-teachers/
ESL language assessment
http://www.teachers.ab.ca/SiteCollectionDocuments/ATA/Publications/Specialist-Councils/ESL-3-4%20Assessment.pdf
CA Eng Proficiency test almost guarantees
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/09/19/california-english-profic_n_970582.html
CELDT is a blunt instrument for young ELs
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2m74v93d#page-1
CELDT results for 2009-2010
http://www.cde.ca.gov/nr/ne/yr10/yr10rel56.asp
ETS guidelines of ELL assessment (2009) http://www.ets.org/Media/About_ETS/pdf/ELL_Guidelines.pdf
How Tests spur memory http://sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/64316/title/How_testing_improves_memory
Inform parents about CCSS
http://www.engageny.org/resource/video-for-parents-and-families-about-the-common-core-assessments
*NYS test requirements (parent info) http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/parents/whattestseslfs.shtml
*NYS Identification Path http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/ciai/biling/pub/LEPproc.pdf
*NYSESLAT Information http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/osa/nyseslat
*NYS Regents E L A Exams http://www.nysedregents.org/testing/engre/regenteng.html
NYS ELA Core Currículum http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/ciai/ela/elacore.htm
NYS Test accommodations
http://www.nysut.org/cps/rde/xchg/nysut/hs.xsl/newyorkteacher_11035.htm
http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/sar/flep-accommodations10-08.pdf
Webcast--Assessment of ELLs http://www.colorincolorado.org/webcasts/2001.php
Informal Assessment http://www.colorincolorado.org/educators/assessment/informal
writing & grammar assessment http://www.catesol.org/Porter_vanDommelen.pdf
writing assessment 6+1 scoring guide (with samples by level) http://www.nwrel.org/assessment/scoring.php?d=9
Literacy Assessment Guide http://www.eduplace.com/rdg/res/litass/
Early literacy assessment
(abecedarian guide and test) http://www.balancedreading.com/assessment/abecedarian.html
other free assessments http://www.balancedreading.com/assessment.html
*language testing http://www.coursecrafters.com/ELL-Outlook/2005/mar_apr/ELLOutlookITIArticle1.htm
language assessment http://www.carla.umn.edu/assessment/VAC/research/theory.html
Colorin Colorado (identification) http://www.colorincolorado.org/placement/identification.php#level
ELL Assessment & NCLB
http://www.coursecrafters.com/ELL-Outlook/2005/nov_dec/ELLOutlookITIArticle2.htm
http://www.fairtest.org/nattest/NCLB_assessing_bilingual_students.pdf
http://cresst.org/products/newsletters/policybrief7.pdf
Guidelines for identifying primarily Spanish-speaking preschool children with language impairment http://www.asha.ucf.edu/restrepo2.html
A-Z oral reading, running records, and retelling guidelines & rubrics
http://www.readinga-z.com/assess/index.html
*Performance & Portfolio Assessment and ELLs
http://www.cal.org/resources/archive/news/2002fall/performance.html
http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/pubs/eacwest/performance/index.htm
http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/pubs/pigs/pig9.htm
http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/pubs/jeilms/vol13/portfo13.htm
http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/pubs/lists/altern.htm
Regents Tests & ELLs http://www.gothamgazette.com/article/immigrants/20060601/11/1873/
Literacy Assessment Guide http://www.eduplace.com/rdg/res/litass/
Literacy Portfolios http://iteachilearn.com/uh/patterson/litport/index.htm
Assessment for diverse learners http://iteachilearn.com/uh/patterson/index.htm
*Assessing Oral and Written Lang Prof (IRC-Else and Margo)
http://www.isbe.net/assessment/PDF/lang_pro.pdf
Oral language Intervention http://cnx.org/content/m17321/latest/
*Language, Performance, Standards Based Assessment-Ed Alliance at Brown
http://www.alliance.brown.edu/tdl/assessment/index.shtml
Practical ideas for alternate assessment http://www.cal.org/resources/digest/tannen01.html
http://www.kidsource.com/kidsource/content2/practical.assessment.4.html (same article)
Ongoing lang & lit, content assessment
http://www.alliance.brown.edu/tdl/assessment/perfassess.shtml#bower_rf
Reading Assessment http://www.nwrel.org/assessment/scoring.php
Assessment of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students (Chapter by Walqui)
http://www.mcrel.org/PDFConversion/Diversity/rt1chapter5.html
Oral Assessment Rubrics (for older learners/adults)
group http://www.nwrel.org/assessment/pdfRubrics/groupassess.PDF
individual http://www.nwrel.org/assessment/pdfRubrics/oralassess.PDF
Oral Language Rubrics http://www.coe.int/T/DG4/Portfolio/documents/grid.pdf
writing rubrics http://www.nwrel.org/assessment/department.php?d=1
http://www.allamericareads.org/pdf/single/activity/prompts.pdf
http://www.televar.com/sedwards/sixtraitrubricsre.html#scoregen
Assessment Rubrics and Standards for Teachers (CRESST)
http://www.cse.ucla.edu/resources/justforteachers.htm
Assessment & accommodations for ELLs
http://www.cse.ucla.edu/products/newsletters/polbrf4web.pdf
Testing preparation for ELLs
http://www.coursecrafters.com/ELL-Outlook/2004/may_jun/ELLOutlookITIArticle4.htm
On NY’s Assessment Policy: A view from the field http://www.tc.columbia.edu/tesolalwebjournal/dwyer.pdf
What is assessment? http://www.noodletools.com/debbie/consult/collab/assessment.html
ESL & Bilingual Assessment http://www.nwrac.org/pub/hot/assessment.html
Authentic Assessment Toolbox-(good explanation of portfolios & examples)
http://jonathan.mueller.faculty.noctrl.edu/toolbox/index.htm
What is Authentic Assessment? http://jfmueller.faculty.noctrl.edu/toolbox/whatisit.htm
Rubrics (Nettiquit, maps, messages and group work) http://www.televar.com/sedwards/workassessment.html
Perfomance Assessment and Rubrics http://pareonline.net/getvn.asp?v=8&n=14
Rubric Construction http://www.relearning.org/resources/PDF/rubric_sampler.pdf
Rubistar http://rubistar.4teachers.org/index.php
Rubric Builder (free) http://landmark-project.com/classweb/tools/rubric_builder.php3
Virtual Assessment Center http://www.carla.umn.edu/assessment/vac/index.html
Digital portfolios http://www.mehs.educ.state.ak.us/portfolios/portfolio.html
Alternate Assessment for Transitional Readers (research article)
http://brj.asu.edu/content/vol26_no2/pdf/ART3.PDF
Isolating Intrinsic Processing Disorders from SLA (research study)
http://brj.asu.edu/content/vol26_no2/pdf/ART10.PDF
Regents Exams and ELLs http://www.gothamgazette.com/article/immigrants/20060601/11/1873
Regents test prep, glossaries, and multilingual resources (scroll down)http://www.litstudies.org/bilingual_esl/index.htm
Myths of High Stakes testing http://www.fairtest.org/arn/Engel_HST%20Myth.html
Marzano on observation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IdfEm_wIEtM